Thomas Campbell

Associate Professor M.D. University of Texas Southwestern Medical School

Current Research

Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and Kaposi's sarcoma; Molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 Virulence

o Human Herpesvirus 8 and Kaposi's Sarcoma- Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common cancer in persons with AIDS worldwide. Although immune reconstitution with highly active antiretroviral therapy has greatly reduced the incidence of KS in the United States and Western Europe, KS remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in persons with AIDS in developing countries. The occurrence of KS in persons with, and without AIDS has been linked to infection with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8; also called Kaposi's sarcoma-associated virus or KSHV). Available data provide strong evidence that HHV-8 is the causative agent of Kaposi's sarcoma and that coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HHV-8 greatly increases the risk of developing Kaposi's sarcoma. In collaboration with researchers at the University of Zimbabwe Medical School, we are conducting studies on the role of HHV-8 replication in KS pathogenesis in HIV-1-infected persons. Studies to determine the effect of immune reconstitution with antiretroviral drugs on HHV-8 replication are also in progress.

o HIV-1 Replication Fitness- Available data suggest that viral replicative fitness is an important determinant of HIV-1 virulence, and modulation of HIV-1 fitness with antiretroviral drugs may be a way to attenuate HIV-1 pathogenesis. However, little is known about the effects of viral replicative fitness on the pathogenesis of primary HIV-1 infection. We are conducting studies to test the hypothesis that the replicative fitness of transmitted HIV-1 is important for the immunopathogenesis and natural history of HIV-1 infection.

Recent Publications 

Click Here For An Updated List Of Dr. Campbell's Publications

Paredes R, Marconi VC, Campbell TB, Kuritzkes DR. Systematic evaluation of allele-specific real time PCR for the detection of minor HIV-1 variants with pol and env resistance mutations. J Virol Meth (in press).

Gripshover B, Santana J, Ribaudo H, Gerber J, Campbell TB, Hogg E, Jarocki B, Hammer S, and Kuritzkes D. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of amdoxovir vs placebo with enfuvirtide plus optimized background therapy for HIV-infected subjects failing current therapy (AACTG 5118). Antiviral Therapy (in press)

Boritz E, Rapaport E, Campbell TB, Koeppe JR, Wilson CC. CD4+ T Cell Targeting of HIV-1 peptide sequences present in vivo during chronic, progressive HIV-1 disease. Virology 2007;361:34-44.

Meditz AL, Borok M, Gudza I, Ndemera B, Gwanzura L, Campbell TB. Gender Differences in AIDS-associated Kaposi’s Sarcoma in Harare, Zimbabwe. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2007;44:306–308.

Koeppe JR, Campbell TB, Rapaport EL, Wilson CC. HIV-1 specific CD4+ T cell responses are not associated with significant viral epitope variation in persons with persistent plasma viremia. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2006;41:140-148.

Campbell TB, Staskus KA, Folkvord J, White IE, Neid J, Zhang X-Q, Connick E. Persistence of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infected cells in HIV-1 co-infected persons without KSHV-associated diseases. J Infect Dis 2005; 191:367-371.

Campbell TB, Shulman N, Johnson SC, Zolopa AR, Young RK, Bushman L, Fletcher CV, Lanier ER, Merigan T, Kuritzkes DR. Antiviral activity of lamivudine in salvage therapy of multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Clin Infect Dis 2005;41:236-242.

Campbell TB, Rapaport R, Schooley RT, Kuritzkes DR. Increased Replication of HIV-1 minor variants during hematopoietic stem cell mobilization with filgrastim. J Infect Dis 2004;189:257–266.

Neid JM, Schooley RT, Campbell TB. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus viremia during hematopoietic stem cell mobilization with filgrastim. Am J Hematol 2004;74:410-412.

Connick E, Kane MA, White IE, Ryder J, Campbell TB. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) to Kaposi's sarcoma during potent antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2004;39:1852-1855.)

Connick E, MaWhinney S, Wilson CC, Campbell TB. Challenges in the Study of HIV-1 Seroconverters. Clin Infect Dis 2005